Or she notices the brownish discoloration typical of cerumen. When the patient inserts one of these into the ear and withdraws it, he 9 As earwax moves outward, it becomes darker, less fluid, and develops a characteristic odor.Ĭerumen impaction can be a result of ineffective attempts to remove earwax with cotton-tipped swabs or applicators. 1 However, it normally moves outward toward the distal part of the ear through a process known as ceruminokinesis, in which normal movements of the mandible (e.g., eating talking) move the cerumen outward. When cerumen is formed next to the tympanic membrane, it is soft, fluid, colorless, and odorless. If the humidity and temperatureĪre conducive to growth, the patient will develop diffuse acuteĮxternal otitis, also known as swimmer’s ear.
If there is no protectiveĬerumen to coat and seal the epidermal tear, organisms (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, In this condition, the patient suffers a break in the epidermis of theĮxternal otic canal, often through improper ear cleaning methods, suchĪs use of toothpicks, keys, pencils, etc. 7,8Ĭerumen can help lower the risk of diffuse acute external otitis. 1 It has antibacterial and antifungal properties. Organisms, reducing the risk of infection of the external auditoryĬanal. 6Ĭerumen also has an acidic pH (about 4-5), which is unfavorable for 5 Its sticky nature traps foreign objects, preventing direct ear canal contact with organisms, pollutants, and insects. However, in the ear, theseĭesquamated cells tend to collect in the ear canal in sheets, becomingĬerumen provides a protective barrier for the external auditory canal that coats and lubricates. Of upward migration and eventual sloughing.
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Identical to those on the skin surface and undergo a predictable process The epidermal cells lining the external ear are virtually 2Ĭerumen also contains lysozyme, an antibacterial enzyme capable ofĭestroying bacterial cell walls, esters, triglycerides, immunoglobulins, Unsaturated long-chain fatty acids, alcohols, squalene, and cholesterol. Glands opening into hair follicles in the canal secrete saturated and 1 These glands produce peptides, while sebaceous The ceruminous glands are a set of 1,000 to 2,000 coiled, tubularĪpocrine sweat glands structurally similar to axillary apocrine sweat The otic canal contains several specialized structures that act together to produce cerumen. 1-3 The incidence of water-clogged ears is presumed to be somewhat smaller. The prevalence of minor ear problems is impossible toĭetermine with accuracy, but surveys confirm that 50% to 66% of the 1 Pharmacists can suggest self-treatment for cerumen (earwax) impaction and removing water from the ears. Problems require referral to a physician (e.g., ear pain, swimmer’sĮar) however, the FDA has found two to be self-treatable. Pharmacists are often asked about ear issues.
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